Created by Masaccio during the early Renaissance period in about 1426, the Madonna Casini is a significant pioneering work in the history of religious art. It is an intimate icon requesting veneration. The work was commissioned by Cardinal Antonio Casini so that it might be used for private devotional purposes. This is evident from the Cardinal’s coat of arms on the back of the painting. Previously, the image of Virgin Mary had been static and distant, just like in the ancient Gothic period. In Masaccio’s painting, the Virgin Mary is depicted as a loving mother who cares for and protects her baby son, and the baby in his cloth seems vulnerable, and unguarded.The image of motherly joy in this artwork gives it a unique title: The Madonna of Solletico, which means Tickling Madonna. In this painting, Mary is seen at a moment of sincere joy because she is raising her right hand and tickling the baby Jesus under the chin. Because of this, the little Jesus has to hold Mary’s wrist. While the painting has a theme of love towards other people, it carries a theological message as well. Advisory of the painting is adorned with red coral beads which are believed to be protecting properties and were traditionally used by babies. However, in this piece, they signify the blood of Christ’s sacrifice. Thus, Masaccio actually combines the two seemingly opposite themes of motherly love and suffering of Jesus perfectly in the image. Besides, the background of the artwork is golden which also reflects this contrast very well.
Masaccio’s Madonna Casini presents the Virgin Mary and baby Jesus in a tender and intimate moment, showing Mary as a loving and caring mother rather than a distant religious figure. The playful act of tickling Jesus creates a sense of natural affection and human warmth. However, the red coral beads around Jesus’ neck introduce a deeper religious meaning, symbolising his future suffering and sacrifice. Thus, the painting beautifully combines maternal love, human tenderness, and the foreshadowing of Christ’s Passion within a simple devotional image.
