Meditation

This untitled work by Abalal Rahiman with dates (c. 1860 – 1931) demonstrates the delicate yet masterful watercolor technique that made him famous as the founder of the Kolhapur School of European Naturalism. Originally known as Abdul Aziz, Rahiman grew up in a family specializing in Islamic calligraphic and illuminating arts and was later trained in formal Academic Naturalism by John Griffiths at the Sir J. J. School of Art in Bombay. The artwork created by the artist in pencil and watercolor contains an interesting mixture of the traditional Indian art and the 19th century British fine art tradition. The painting shows a skillful use of atmospheric perspective as well as tone gradation. Instead of the classical miniature style that relied on heavy outlines, Rahiman uses lighter color layers to achieve dimensionality and transparency. The manner in which Rahiman creates spatial depth in this painting demonstrates a good understanding of Western realism and techniques such as vanishing points, play of light, and balance of weight. Rahiman was well-known for his dexterity with the pencil and watercolor. With his wash technique, he employed the wet-on-dry method for the details in the images at the front and used the wet-on-wet technique to produce the blurred background. Rahiman’s palette included natural colors such as burnt sienna, raw umber, ocher's, and muted greens, which were common in the plein-air studies and royal paintings of the region. Royal patronage of the works of Rahiman took place during his academic training at the Sir J. J. School of Art, where he won all the famous Viceroy Medal. Rahiman received the position of the chief artist in the court of Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj. Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj was a progressive ruler, who funded the development of art and education in the region. Rahiman was allowed to make paintings representing different kinds of royal life and also landscapes surrounding the beautiful Rankala Lake. The works described present the historical, social and cultural processes of the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Although Rahiman created numerous pieces during this creative era, sadly, most of them have either disappeared, or been untraceable due to incidents at the end of his life and isolation after the passing of his royal patron. Currently, Rahiman's remaining pieces can be counted as rare objects of interest for museums and galleries around the world. This very work had previously belonged to notable private collections, including one of the best known Private Collections in London, and has been auctioned at Sotheby's auction house, thereby making it an acknowledged part of the history of modern Indian art. In addition, Rahiman is known as one of the first mentors of early Indian cinema artists and painters, and that is another reason why his works should be studied.