The Cloister of Santa Croce

Guiseppe Abbati was an Italian painter who was born on 1836 in Naples, Italy and belonged to the group of Macchiaioli. His father Vincenzo was his first mentor, who was also a painter in architectural interiors. During the campaign of Garibaldi in 1860, Abbati suffered the loss his right eye at the Battle of Capua. This loss became the turning point of his life as he moved to Florence where he met Giovanni Fattori, Silvestro Lega, and other artists of Macchiaioli who played a great role in the beginning of his artistic journey. He even won a medal at the National Exposition for his interior views in 1862 but refused to accept it due to the people chosen to judge the competition. In 1866, he once again was enlisted in the army for the Third Independence of War where he was captured by the Austrians, and lived as a prisoner in Croatia. But after returning to Tuscany, he started to paint the countryside around Castiglioncello and Castelnuovo. The painting, "The Cloister of Santa Croce" is created around 1861-1862 by Guiseppe Abbati. This painting was inspired by the 19th century facade and courtyard works in the Church of Santa Croce in Florence. In 1861, his mentor Diego Martelli, said that, "Abbati spent his time painting the cloisters at the Santa Croce Church. The church was under the restoration work which allowed him to observe the large marble blocks in different colors, different shapes, and the contrast between the light and dark colors". The cloister in this painting depicts painter's own values like peace and meditation. The stone arches and columns stand for strength and tradition, while the greenery shows life and new beginning. This duality encourages viewers to think about their own moments of calm and self-reflection. The vegetation and quiet atmosphere rise the feelings of peace and calmness. The artist a peaceful moment and gives the viewer a chance to escape from their busy, modern life and drown in the beauty of the natural world. The colors used by the artist made the viewers feel relaxed and involve in self-reflection. This setting allows the viewers to connect with the painting very deeply. This painting was created during a transformative period when realism art was rising in the world and some features of realism can be seen easily. The Artist uses quick, loose brushtrokes which gives the artwork a fresh and lively look. He used warm and earthly tones that made the artwork look more natural and real.