Considered as the altarpiece in a church in Naples
Francesco’s The Birth of the Virgin is a masterpiece that belongs to the Neapolitan high baroque. This artwork holds cultural significance in relation to the art practices of Naples during the late 17th century. The birth of the Virgin reflects the Solimena’s style of dramatic light usage and dense composition. Here in this painting, one could sense the weight and muscularity in the figures, stating solidity, a hallmark of Solimena’s style, which is often described as a courtly classicism where the combination of Baroque drama with controlled dignity could be seen. Further, the primary element of the painting is the infant Mary, whose central placement and radiant depiction signify her as a morning star, announcing the coming of Christ. Also, in the foreground right, the presence of the basin of water functions as a prefiguration, a purifying ritual. Nurses could be seen around the infant Mary with quite heavy silhouettes, such as silks, brocades and velvets, demonstrating Solimena’s virtuosity in rendering light effects. The figures in the foreground are shown with bright colours as a symbol of humanity and service involved in the nativity. Also, multiple attendants are shown around the bed of Saint Anne. The composition reflects two worlds with the burst of light. The architectural setup of a room is not just merely a decoration, but it provides a foundation for new beginnings. So, Solimena’s art style, from complex to preparatory drawings, possesses a unique blend of intellectual rigour with physical presence. Ultimately, this artpiece is considered a bridge between dramatic theatrically and a new monumental classicism.
