Birds in osmanthus and chrysanthemum

One of the famous Ming dynasty court painters, Lu Ji, whose masterpieces are now in reputed places around the world, is truly breathtaking. Though the original painting demonstrates—through the medium of a hanging scroll, ink and color on 190x106 cm canvas—the image portrays huaniao (which means flowers and birds), the concept of longevity emerges in the audience's mind, as can be seen by the close relationships between the birds of different species. Their relationships have progressed over time; thus, they feel so much accustomed to each other, unlike birds that fight. This long-built trust signifies the long-built trust of the subjects in the Ming dynasty toward the emperor and among themselves. The diligent observation of the large, ancient osmanthus tree—which curves dynamically across the canvas, especially through its gnarled, curved, or angular branches representing Yang (strength, age, ruggedness, and the hardships of time), while the soft, delicate blossoms represent Yin (youth, gentleness, vulnerability, and beauty)—makes the painting the emperor’s favorite. Lower down on a major trunk branch rests a colorful, long-tailed bird. Generally, long-tailed birds use their tails to balance themselves in challenging scenarios; thus, one could infer that the artist may be trying to bring balance to the challenging scenarios of that time. The fine-line gongbi method for detailing the feathers, petals, and leaves, combined with the broader xieyi brushwork for the textured, mossy rocks and aged tree trunks, are the two techniques Lu Ji used to express a warm, rich color palette. Besides conveying a seasonal autumn feel, this makes the scenario speak about human fate and prosperity.