Court Scene

A symbol of the Italian Renaissance, the Camera Picta (as it is referred to in ancient documents) is undoubtedly one of Andrea Mantegna's greatest masterpieces. Commissioned by Ludovico Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, it not only celebrates its distinguished patron but also stands as one of the most radically original and innovative achievements of its time. On the wall with the fireplace, known as the "Court Scene," appears a large collective portrait of the Gonzaga court: the Marquis is depicted together with his wife, Barbara of Brandenburg, born Barbara Hohenzollern of Brandenburg (of noble German lineage, who arrived in Mantua as a bride in 1433, at only ten years of age), the only two seated figures, surrounded by their sons and daughters, courtiers, and advisers, all portrayed standing as a sign of respect. Among the figures surrounding the Marquis and his wife are also two prominent personalities: the elderly man wearing a black cap and looking sadly downward, portrayed immediately behind Ludovico (and partially concealed by him), is traditionally identified as Vittorino da Feltre, who had died almost twenty years before work on the Camera Picta began, but whom Ludovico probably wished to include as an anachronistic tribute, expressing his gratitude for the education he had received from his master; the figure behind Barbara, dressed in black, is Leon Battista Alberti. Among the many figures represented in the Court Scene also appears a dwarf: the presence of dwarfs at the Gonzaga court is well documented in historical records, and numerous depictions of them survive in the Gonzaga context; their role was to entertain members of the family and their guests. This is probably why she is the only figure who looks beyond the scene, directly toward the viewer. Finally, another important presence is the dog, crouching beneath Ludovico's chair: this is Rubino, the Marquis's favourite hunting dog, mentioned in numerous archival documents, who also symbolically alludes to the theme of loyalty. Precious Oriental carpets, sumptuous garments, luxurious textiles, and refined furnishings all convey the sophistication and elegance of the Mantuan court.