The given image is a miniature painting by Khem during the late 16th/early 17th centuries. Prince Riding an Elephant represents how the production process of this type of artwork was not only about the depiction of physical likeness but also involved the representation of cultural values, including those within Mughal culture related to: the appreciation of performing arts; the display of wealth/prestige associated with the majesty of an emperor; and the depiction of animals, particularly elephants as symbols of power and strength. The image in the above centre illustrates how the black elephant is realistically painted, with its legs realistically drawn in a purposeful and strong manner (as if it were about to walk), and in a way that demonstrates that the rider (the young prince) is beneath the green and gold saddlecloth. Behind the prince is one attendant depicted holding a fly-whisk; in front of the elephant/young prince is the second attendant, depicted holding either a walking stick or a whip; as such, all three figures in this scene work together to suggest movement and rhythm throughout the ceremonial procession. The elephant is also shown covered in decorative clothing (jewellery, bells, anklets, decorations), thus representing the overall luxury/sophistication associated with the Mughal Court. Mughal miniature paintings have important features that are shown in this sample. The pictorial composition features carefully-constructed, precisely-drawn figures. The composition has a flat cream - colored background to eliminate visual distractions, allowing the viewer to focus solely on the main subject of the composition (the elephant and the elephant riders). The artist has combined realism with style; the elephant's anatomy and movement have been rendered with great accuracy, evidencing the Mughal emperors' interest in naturalism as it developed during the reigns of Akbar and Jahangir. Mughal painters were also known for carefully observing animals and for portraying them as though they were human royal portraits. Another defining feature of Mughal painting is the elaborate floral border surrounding the painting. Painted in pink and gold with intertwining vines and flowers, the floral border is influenced by Persian art and is singularly defining of Mughal aesthetics. The extraordinary decorative margins surrounding the miniature painting transform the miniature painting into luxurious album pages designed for use by elites or by emperors. The blue inner border encircling the painting is an additional visual frame around the primary composition, and provides visual contrast to the warm-toned painting.

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